DDFT lesion in the LF with compensatory pattern in the RH
Close-up of a brown horse wearing a black halter with an outdoor fenced area and buildings in the background.

Breed: Swedish Warmblood

Gender: Gelding

Age: 16 years old

Discipline: Dressage (leisure)

Coolman Q was first brought to Stockholms Hästklinik and DVM Sara Regårdh in May 2024, with an injury in the distal check ligament of the right forelimb (RF).

He was treated and spent the summer in a rehabilitation facility. In August 2024, during recovery, Coolman began showing signs of lameness in the LF. This prompted a full diagnostic work-up, including MRI and ultrasound scans. 

Static examination

The static examination showed no obvious clinical findings, no heat or pain upon palpation and negative on hoof-testers.

Dynamic examination and initial Sleip measurements

In motion, Coolman exhibited moderate lameness in the LF and mild lameness in the RH. Sleip substantiated and quantified these observations. Baseline recordings were performed on both the straight line and the longe. The following is the analysis video of the baseline measurement on the straight line.

Diagram showing a horse's front and hind stride counts with impact asymmetry notes; front strides 19 (low variation), hind strides 10 (medium variation), and leg impact details with color-coded arrows.

Summary overview of the analysis: Moderate asymmetry in the LF and a mild asymmetry in the RH.

Diagram showing asymmetry patterns on a simplified upper body outline of a horse, indicating a primary pattern labeled 'P' on the left upper side and compensatory patterns labeled 'C' on both lower sides.

A compensatory asymmetry pointing to the diagonal hind, and in some cases, the ipsilateral hindlimb, is a common response to a forelimb injury. Suspected compensatory patterns are flagged in the app.

Graph showing asymmetry types with horizontal bar charts for F and H comparing left and right sides, and individual stride analysis with purple and blue line plots and orange bar highlights for values 0.7, 1.2 in F and 0.8, 0.4 in H.

The asymmetry bars provide an additional overview of which limb the asymmetry originates from. Arrows pointing up indicate an issue in the push-off phase, and arrows pointing down indicate impact. The individual strides view provides the quantified measurements as well as a visual representation of each stride.

Two asymmetry vector charts labeled 'Head' and 'Hind' tracking push-off and impact in four quadrants, with colored lines indicating data points.

The vectors, where each line represents an individual stride, provide additional information about the consistency of the asymmetry. For the front limbs, the strides are clustered together, mainly pointing to the impact quadrant of the LF. The length of the lines illustrates the amplitude of the asymmetry, with the coloured line representing the mean. A milder asymmetry is noted in the push-off phase of the RH.

“At Stockholms Hästklinik, all patients are analysed with Sleip” — Sara Regårdh, DVM

Towards a diagnosis

Diagnostic analgesia of the palmar digital nerves (PDN) in the left forelimb resulted in a clear positive response.

Side-by-side diagrams of a horse showing front and hind stride counts with variations and impact asymmetry notes; left: 19 front strides, 10 hind strides, moderate impact asymmetry; right: 20 front strides, 9 hind strides, mild impact asymmetry.

Comparing the baseline analysis with analysis after blocking using the comparison view provides a good indication of whether or not the block is positive. An improvement of around 50% is considered a positive block.

Two images showing asymmetry types with values, confidence intervals, and percentages on the left, and circular gait analysis charts with stride counts on the right.

Imaging

Upon examination with X-ray and ultrasound, Coolman Q was found to have a bulging medial lobe of the distal deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) with a hypoechoic lesion on the palmar aspect at the level of P1. A positive Doppler signal was detected in the corresponding area as well as in the distal aspect of the DDFT, where the signal was more dorsally evident.

X-rays revealed mild synovial invaginations of the navicular bone, particularly on the medial aspect, along with slight remodeling of the palmar part of the navicular bone and a mild-to-moderate osteophyte on the proximal P1.The DDFT lesion was considered the most clinically relevant finding. Coolman Q was referred for an MRI of the left forelimb to assess the extent of the lesion.

X-rays 26 August 2024

Six X-ray images showing different angles of a horse's left front hoof and lower leg bones.

Ultrasound 26 August 2024

Three grayscale ultrasound images showing cross-sections of tissue labeled 'Eq_Tendon' with varying brightness and one color.

MRI images 26 August 2024

Three MRI cross-sectional scans of a limb showing internal structures with red arrows pointing to specific areas of interest.

Re-check 24 November 2024

Three grayscale ultrasound images displaying tendon tissue with varying views and annotations.

Comments and conclusion

MRI confirmed an extensive lesion in the medial lobe of the DDFT, extending from distal P1 to its insertion on P3. Additional findings included moderate navicular bursitis in the left forelimb, an enlarged synovial fossa of the navicular bone with mild STIR hyperintensity—consistent with fluid-like material within the endosteal aspect of the navicular bone—mild injury to the medial branch of the superficial digital flexor tendon, mild-to-moderate synovial effusion of the distal interphalangeal joint, and sclerosis with moderate osteoarthritis of the fetlock joint.

Coolman Q has since undergone treatment with corrective shoeing, navicular bursa injections, shockwave therapy, and a controlled exercise program. He is progressing well in his rehabilitation.

Regular follow-ups and monitoring with Sleip help ensure that he is progressing well in his rehabilitation.

Smiling woman holding a small dog in one arm and standing beside a white horse outdoors.

About Dr Sara Regårdh

Sara Regårdh is one of four veterinarians at Stockholms Hästklinik, in Stockholm, Sweden. The clinic, established in 2019, specialises in equine locomotor health, dentistry, and diagnostic imaging, serving both sport and leisure horses. 

Sara earned her veterinary degree from the University of Copenhagen in 2022. During her studies, she gained practical experience from the large animal teaching hospital in Denmarks and then completed externships in Sweden and the Netherlands. Her primary interests lie in lameness evaluations and diagnostic imaging. She is a member of the International Society of Equine Locomotor Pathology (ISELP).